The word "gruzd" in translation from Church Slavonic means "heap".
No wonder they got that name.
In ancient times in Russia, mushroom pickers collected their carts and salted in barrels.
All types of moorings unite common features: concentric rings on the cap are seen and the shape changes with the growth of the fungus — first it is convex and then funnel-shaped with the edges bent down.
They belong to the fungi. The plates can be of different colors, depending on the type, and go to the leg. All species of moor bean are united in the genus Mlechnik (lat. Lactarius) of the Syrushage family (lat. Russulaceae).
Did you know? 32.2% protein is contained in dry milk caps - this is more than in meat. But in dried form, milk mushrooms are not used because of the bitterness of the milky juice.
Lunch real (Lactarius resimus)
In 1942, the microbiologist Boris Vasilkov studied the species of salmon, made a description of them, and called the white salmon a real mushroom because it is considered by the people. Although until this time, pepper pepper was called the present. 
It grows in the Volga region, in the Urals, in Siberia. Hat in diameter of 6-25 cm, white or yellowish, slightly sticky. Its shape is changing, and under it are white plates. The edges of the cap can be covered with a fluff, which is the main distinguishing feature of this type.
Leg 3–9 cm high, cylindrical, white or yellowish, empty in the middle. The body of the fungus is white, with a milky juice at the break, which changes its color to yellow-gray when interacting with air. The smell is very similar to the fruit flavor. Crop harvested from July to late September in deciduous and mixed forests near the birch trees.
In Russia, white mushroom is considered the king of mushrooms and is eaten, in Western Europe it is considered inedible. Since the milky juice has a bitter taste, it is soaked before cooking, boiled for a long time, after which it takes on a blue tint.
In folk medicine, real milk is used in the treatment of urolithiasis and renal failure.
Squish yellow (Lactarius scrobiculatus)
Refers to conditionally edible species. Grows in coniferous or birch forests of Eurasia with a temperate climate. 
The hat is 6-28 cm in diameter, golden yellow, smooth. The shape of the cap changes as the mushrooms grow. Plates with brown spots can be placed on its lower side. The leg grows in height up to 12 cm, with bright yellow grooves, strong, sticky, although inside it is empty. The pulp of the fungus is white, but turns yellow on a break. Thick milky juice is also characteristic. The smell is weak but pleasant. Prefers to grow on limestone soils.
It is eaten after soaking and boiling. For treatment in folk medicine is used in the form of decoction from cholelithiasis.
Important! Mud forms mycorrhiza with birch, thanks to which it receives more water and minerals, and it is from the tree carbohydrates, amino acids and phytohormones.
Peppermint (Lactarius piperatus)
Treats often found mushrooms in a moderate and forest-steppe zone of Russia. 
The pepper pepper retains all the general characteristics of the load, but has such features. The cap is 6-18 cm in diameter, creamy-white, sometimes covered with reddish spots. The center has a velvety surface, but does not have concentric rings. The flesh is white, dense, on a fracture it releases the milky sap, which, when interacting with the air, becomes olive-green, and the pulp becomes bluish-blue.
The taste of spicy pepper mushroom, and the smell is similar to rye bread. Leg up to 8 cm, white, dense with a slightly wrinkled surface. When growing up it acquires a greenish or reddish tint. Under the cap, the plates are narrow, descending along the leg of a white, creamy color. If the plates are damaged, they become covered with yellow-brown spots.
Pepper grows in deciduous or mixed forests from July to October and forms mycosis with oak, birch and spruce. Mushrooms are used for salting, pickling, or in a pounded dried form instead of pepper.
This species is used in folk medicine for the treatment of kidney disease, gallstone disease, tuberculosis, moreover, conjunctivitis. Milky juice remove warts.
Aspen Chest (Lactarius controversus)
This species is also called the boarder poplar or aspen. Grows in warm zones of temperate climatic zone. In Russia, they are massively found in the region of the Lower Volga region. 
Refers to conditionally edible due to the presence of milky juice. The description of the mushroom is similar to the present one, but it is distinguished by the presence on the cap of pale pinkish spots and pink plates under it. Milky juice is white abundant and acrid, it does not change color on a break.
Received its name from the habitat - aspen and poplar forests. This species is larger than the others, its cap can grow up to 30 cm in diameter. It is valued lower than milkworms are white and yellow, but is famous for its massive germination.
Ripening gruzdya aspen occurs under the ground, so the hat is always a lot of dirt. Forms mycorrhiza with willow, aspen, poplar. Harvesting takes place from late August to early October. Pulp gruzdya aspen white, fragile, dense with a characteristic fruity odor. Use this view only for pickling.
Cheese parchment (Lactarius pergamenus)
This species belongs to conditionally edible mushrooms. It grows in mixed forests in large groups. 
The parchment cap is up to 10 cm in diameter, has a white color, which changes to yellowish with the growth of the fungus, the surface is wrinkled, it can be smooth. Saves all the features of the form of loading. The pulp of the fungus is white with a milky sap that does not change color when broken. Under the head plate yellowish color. Leg narrowed to the bottom, long, white.
It has a similarity with the transverse load, but on a higher stem and slightly wrinkled cap. Harvesting is carried out in August-September. Used for salting with pre-soaking.
Bluish (Lactarius glaucescens)
To the group of white grujdy carry a bluish grudge, like a parchment grudge. This species grows in the deciduous forests of Eurasia. A feature of the species is the presence of yellow-gray spots on the surface of the cap. All other descriptions are the same. 
Milky sap gruzdya bluish quickly curtailed on a break and a little green. This makes it look like peppers. The distinction between these species for mushroom pickers does not really matter. All these species, though similar, but also include to conditionally edible mushrooms. And these species in nature do not have poisonous twins.
Forms mycosis only with deciduous trees. Crop harvested from July to September. In cooking, use only for pickling.
Important! Because of the caustic and bitter milky juice, milk mushrooms are rarely affected by pests. To get rid of its bitterness, milk mushrooms need to be soaked: white milk beans - a day, black ones - a few days. Water is changed three times a day and salt is added to it.
Black Lactarius necator
Black mushroom mushroom refers to conditionally edible. The description of the outward signs is like all sons. 
The cap in diameter can be up to 20 cm dark olive or dark brown in color with darkening in the center. The flesh is dense, white, fragile, changes its color to gray when broken. Milky juice is caustic, plentiful. The leg is the same color with a cap.
The fungus forms mycorrhiza with birch and grows in mixed forests. Harvesting from July to October. It is used for salting, acquiring a purple-burgundy color.
Blueblind (Lactarius repraesentaneus)
This species has also received the name of the muzzle of a dog or golden yellow violet. Distributed in the temperate and arctic zone of Russia in deciduous and mixed forests. 
The cap is 7–20 cm in diameter, thick, yellow in color with weak concentric rings, shaggy at the edges. The flesh is white, dense, the milky juice on the air acquires a purple color, but is not abundant. The plates are narrow, pale yellow in color and form dark spots if damaged. The leg is pale yellow in color up to 10 cm tall, hollow inside, turning blue on the break.
Forms mycosis with birch, willow and spruce. Harvesting takes place in July and October. An important feature of this species is that scientists have deduced from it special substances that can increase plant growth.
The closest in terms of similarity is yellow salmon, which is distinguished by bright yellow milky juice. With the purpose of treatment used antibacterial abilities blueing. In cooking, suitable for salting, pickling, frying after pre-boiling.
Oak Wood (Lactarius insulsus)
Bulk oak belongs to the less common species and is also called the oak flax. It combines all the signs of loading and has a red or yellowish-orange color. 
The plates under the cap are wide and frequent. The foot is off-white or pink. The pulp of the fungus is dense, cream-colored. The milky juice is white, not plentiful, but acrid, with a cut does not change color.
Like the aspen bark, this species matures underground, therefore it is characterized by the presence of dirt on the cap. Belongs to conditionally edible mushrooms.
In cooking used for pickling. It grows in forests of broad-leaved species and forms mycosis with oak, hornbeam, beech. Harvesting takes place from July to early October.
Milk creaks or violins (Lactarius vellereus)
The name grudge creak received because of the contact with foreign objects, he publishes a characteristic creak. Often it is also called spurge. This type of gulj belongs to conditionally edible and is considered the driest weight. Distributed in Russia, Belarus. It looks like a white bear, but has its own characteristics. 
Cap diameter up to 24 cm, may acquire a yellowish tint. Leg up to 7 cm in height and up to 5 cm in diameter. A characteristic feature of this species is a change in the shade of the milky juice after drying from white to reddish. White flesh at fracture becomes greenish-yellow. Plates under the cap are much less common than those of pepper melting.
Forms mycorrhiza with aspen and birch. Grows in deciduous and mixed forests in large groups. Harvesting is carried out from August to October. In cooking, it is used for salting, however, this type of salmon becomes blue when it is salted. In taste, the squeak is inferior to the white.
Did you know? Biologically active substances, which are contained in sludge, have: diuretic action in the treatment of urolithiasis; antibacterial action in the fight against tuberculosis; immunomodulatory effects; activating effect (activate memory, mental activity, digestion); normalizing action in the treatment of the nervous system, diabetes.Having understood the types of wetlands, everyone should decide for himself: to continue the traditions of some nations and enjoy their taste or refer the mushrooms to inedible mushrooms, as they consider in the West.
