Onions do not belong to the main food crops, such as wheat, rice or potatoes. However, no kitchen in the world can do without it. Can not complain about the bow and inattention to yourself from the breeders. Many of its varieties have been bred, in which the vegetable appears either in dark yellow robes, or white, or even purple; where it can be bitter to the taste, and sometimes sweet. And recently a new variety was bred - the Bamberger onions, which had already managed to receive the kindest words from vegetable growers.
Variety description
This fruit of the painstaking works of Dutch breeders is replete with valuable qualities that allowed him to quickly acquire the reputation of a very successful variety. Bulbs of the Bamberger variety are golden yellow in color, they are elongated and weigh an average of about 80 grams. The white flesh of the bulb has a pleasant taste and is very juicy. 
Its use in cooking differs in diversity, since it is equally well suited for passerovka, and for adding to salads, and for canning, that is, for practically everything where onions can be used. The long bulb shape is convenient for cutting, and the varietal properties allow it to be stored in proper conditions, safe and sound, without losing its taste, until the next harvest. In addition, the green leaves of this variety also have high culinary value.
Did you know? Onion family includes over 900 species, 228 of which belong to vegetable crops.
Especially stands out the ability of this onion during storage does not form a shooter, that is, simply do not germinate ahead of time. Also among the advantages of the variety of growers include ease of care for the vegetable, its resistance to the main onion diseases. This bow has not yet revealed any flaws. Is it possible to mention its lack of resistance to the larvae of onion flies. But the same can be said for almost all other onion varieties.
Characteristics of onions and yield
This onion belongs to sredneranny grades. Harvest it can be collected in August or early September. From 1 square meter garden beds growers collect up to 6 kg "Bamberger".
Selection of planting material
A good harvest can only grow from quality planting material - it is an axiom. In onions, in the form of this material can be sevka, that is, small onions, and seeds. As a rule, seedlings are driven out from seed in the first year indoors, from which onions are then grown in open ground, or seeds are sown directly in open ground for this purpose.
Learn how to grow onions, what is rokambol, Indian and viper onions.
The difference in this case lies in the timing of ripening and yield. From seedlings grown indoors, you can get quite decent bulbs in the first year. From sevka a full crop of bulbs is obtained in the second year. When choosing bulbs of the Bamberger variety intended for planting, if there is confidence confirmed by the certificate that this is exactly the required variety, you should pay attention to the appearance of the sev. On elongated golden yellow bulbs there should be no signs of deformation, black spots and gray spots. 
Bulbs themselves must be dry and dense with a slight pressure on them. It is assumed that the onion seeds of the variety "Bamberger", acquired in specialized outlets, have already undergone pre-sale training, during which they were sorted. Nevertheless, when inspecting seeds, one should pay attention to the fact that the black eggs, as the onion seeds are also called, should be of a radically black color and do not contain a gray or white plaque on their edges.
Growing conditions
The onions of this variety are quite unpretentious, however, it makes some demands on growing:
- the territory intended for it must be a flat surface;
- it should be well lit and protected from strong winds;
- the site must be completely free from weeds;
- This vegetable grows best on the ground, where its predecessors were peas, potatoes or cabbage;
- categorically it is not recommended to plant onions where onions or garlic have already grown during the previous two years;
- Seed planted in the soil is recommended not earlier than its temperature reaches 13-14 ° C;
- for Bamberger variety onions, land plots on which groundwater lies deeply are preferred;
- nevertheless, onions need to be watered systematically, from watering every three days in spring to moderate watering in July until complete cessation a couple of weeks before harvest.
Soil and fertilizer
This variety of vegetable grows best on chernozem and sandy soils with neutral acidity.
Important! For the cultivation of onion varieties "Bamberger" ne fit clay soils.
Like any other plant, this variety requires regular fertilizing. Already two weeks after planting the seedlings, the soil must be fertilized with slurry or chicken droppings diluted with water in the amount of one bucket per square meter of plantings. After three weeks, one more feed is required in the form of predominantly nitrogen-containing mineral fertilizers. And after three more weeks it is necessary to feed with potash fertilizers.
Read also about how to fertilize onions.
Growing from seed to seedlings at home
With the help of this method, it is possible to obtain good bulbs even from annual plants in cold climates. In addition, this method makes it possible to grow a decent crop even in limited areas. 
Seed preparation
To prepare for planting seeds, you need:
- To sort through them manually, removing rotten, damaged and empty copies.
- As a preventive measure, treat the seeds with a weak solution of potassium permanganate, so keep them in solution for 40 minutes, then rinse with clean water and dry.
- For 20 minutes, hold the seeds in warm water with a temperature of 50 ° C, and then lower them for a minute in cold water, thus arranging a contrast bath.
- Soak the seeds in room temperature water for 24 hours, adding growth stimulants.
- At the end of the day, get the seeds out of the solution and immediately plant them in the holes prepared in advance.
Content and location
At home, seedlings sown in boxes with soil can be used to grow quality seedlings on window sills, and, if possible, in greenhouses. The main condition for this is good lighting and moderate heat. Of great importance is the soil in which the seeds are sown. 
The best is a mixture of turf land with humus in the same proportions. In addition, it is useful to add ammonium nitrate, superphosphate, potassium sulfate and a teaspoon of each substance and a half-glass of wood ash to a bucket of soil mixture. Onions, requiring the best possible illumination, do not need high air temperature.
Important! In a room where it is hot and there is little light, the seedlings are drawn to such an extent that they can fall under their own weight, burying hopes of a good harvest.
Seed planting process
The optimum age of seedlings for transplanting it into open ground is about 50 days. From this it is necessary to proceed, planting seeds for growing seedlings from them. In this case, prerequisites are created for its successful survival during transplantation and, as a result, for a good harvest of ripened bulbs.
Grow slizun, shallot, batun, chives, and fragrant and multi-tiered onions.
When planting seeds should:
- Remember that an average of 20 g of seeds is required per square meter.
- Seeds spread out every 1.5 cm into each other at a distance of 5 cm of grooves with a seeding depth of 1.5 cm.
- After sowing, compact the soil slightly and cover it with a cloth. It is convenient to irrigate crops through it without washing the ground and without exposing, or, conversely, without digging down the seeds.
- To obtain seedlings in 10-12 days - maintain a constant temperature of 18-20 ° C.
- When the first shoots appear, remove the fabric.
Care of seedlings
Caring for newly sprouted seedlings is as follows:
- After the appearance of the first shoots, the temperature should be reduced to 10-12 ° C for five days, and then raised to 15-16 ° C, but not higher, in order to avoid excessive stretching of the seedlings.
- At night the temperature should be maintained a few degrees lower.
- In warm weather, do not restrict the flow of fresh air for quenching seedlings.
- Onion shoots usually do not dive, limited to thinning if necessary.
- Do not allow the soil to dry out, for which sprouts should be watered every two days. Otherwise, young onions will stop growing and go into a state of rest.
Important! Recently sprouted shoots should be watered very carefully to avoid washing them out of the ground.
Transplanting seedlings to ground
The process of transplanting seedlings to open ground proceeds as follows:
- Seedlings, which have already acquired four leaves, are being prepared for transplantation.
- To do this, choose cloudy weather or evening.
- Pre-seedlings need to be watered well.
- In seedlings, roots are shorter to 2.5 cm and a third of the leaves are cut. For the speedy healing of wounds on the roots, they are dipped in a clay-humus mash.
- When planting seedlings on the beds, it is important not to bury the plant in the ground, immersing only the roots with a bottom there and making sure that the roots are directed strictly down.
- The interval between each seedling should be at least 6 cm, and between the rows of the space is left 25 cm.
- Planting is accompanied by irrigation and compost mulching.
Growing sev in open ground
To grow this non-capricious and rather cold-resistant onion variety from sevka, excessive efforts are not required. It feels great in the open field, but some conditions for its successful growth is still necessary.
Learn more about the various types of onions.
Site selection and soil preparation
Sufficient cold resistance of onions allows you to grow it in the open field, without the help of greenhouses and greenhouses. Attempts to get an early harvest with the help of early disembarkation of sevka in the greenhouse usually do not lead to anything good, because the increased temperature characteristic of greenhouses, as a result, adversely affects the yield of onions. And to obtain a full-fledged harvest in the open field, it is necessary to observe two main conditions: the maximum illumination of the site where the onions grow, and the deep occurrence of groundwater. 
In addition, it is impossible to plant this vegetable on marshy or prone to flooding soils. It is also important, what predecessors grew up to this in the selected area. Best for onions, if before him there were:
- tomatoes;
- cabbage;
- cucumbers;
- legumes;
- potatoes;
- zucchini.
Seed preparation
To sevok was prepared for planting as best as possible and then gave a full harvest, you need:
- Sort it before planting, removing dried, rotting, unhealthy-looking onions.
- Depending on the sizes, the selected sets are divided into three groups in the form of large ones from 2.5 to 3 cm, medium ones from 2 to 2.4 cm and small ones from 1 to 1.9 cm.
- Choose from these groups the optimal size of the set. Some experts say that very small bulbs lack nutrients, which makes it difficult to count on a good harvest, and large bulbs drive out too big arrows, which also does not have the best effect on the final harvest. Others insist that the best option is shallow sevok. Most likely, those who think that the optimal size of the set is about 2 cm are right.
- Dry the selected bulbs for two to three days.
- Warm them up for two weeks at a temperature of 15-16 ° С, then subject them to the temperature of 41-42 ° С for half a day.
- Then soak the bulbs for 20 minutes in water with a temperature of 40 ° C.
- Perform prophylactic treatment with copper sulphate, for which 25 g of it is dissolved in a bucket of water, and in this solution soak sevok two hours.
- The soaking process takes place more efficiently if the tip is removed from the bulb. If you wish to get more powerful green feathers from the seam, it is recommended to cut the upper part of the bulb by a third. When growing onions on a turnip, it is necessary to cut only the dry part of the top. This is especially useful when it is intertwined, which can interfere with the germination of feathers.
The process of planting sevka in the ground
The Bamberger variety should be planted in open ground when its temperature rises to 13-14 ° C. For this you need:
- Prepare furrows on the beds, the depth of which is about 5 cm. Furrows should be separated one from another at a distance of up to 20 cm.
- At each meter of the furrow make 50 grams of humus or compost.
- The interval between the planted sevke in the groove make 10 cm.
- Planted onion sprinkle with loose soil and slightly compacted.
Did you know? The bow was brought to America by Christopher Columbus.
Watering
This vegetable does not tolerate overwetting, but it likes moist soil, especially at the beginning of its growing season. Therefore, the beds with a plant must be watered at least weekly. At the same time the water consumption is 1 bucket per square meter. This is - under normal weather conditions. However, the main frequency regulator irrigation is the weather. 
During prolonged rains with high soil moisture, onions, of course, do not need to be watered. With steady heat and no rain, the vegetable should be watered every two to three days. A couple of weeks before the ripening of the bulbs, watering should be completely stopped.
Soil loosening and weeding
To eliminate the crust formed on the ground, three days after planting, it is necessary to loosen the soil with a harrow. Harrowing should be carried out at a minimum depth in order not to damage or not to pull planted onions out of the ground. And immediately after the first sprouts appear, it is necessary to weed the beds in order to destroy the weeds that the onions do not tolerate. Further weeding should be carried out with the advent of new weeds.
It will be interesting to know what tools for weed removal can be used.
Moreover, this operation is very useful to accompany the loosening of the soil, because the bulbs need air intake, which slows down the dense soil. Weeding onions is usually done manually, and loosening the aisle - using a hoe, or for this you can use special tools like Fokin flat-cutters. Weeding onion beds is recommended after rain or watering, as this makes it easier to pull weeds out of the ground by the roots.
Top dressing
This variety is very responsive to top dressing, which should be carried out three times during the growing season.
- The first one is carried out two weeks after the landing of the landing. The most effective in this quality is carbamide, which is added to 15 grams per square meter of beds. It is scattered over the surface of the earth and is immediately watered to dissolve
- A couple of weeks after the first one, the second feeding is carried out by potassium humate, 15 ml of which is diluted in 5 liters of water. This solution is used for spraying plants in the morning or in the evening.
- After another two weeks, onion feathers are sprayed again, but this time with 10 grams of ammonium nitrate, diluted in a bucket of water.
Did you know? It is established that people began to cultivate onions in the Bronze Age. In India and China it was grown 5 thousand years ago.
Pests, diseases and prevention
As already mentioned, the variety "Bamberger" is very resistant to the main onion diseases and pests. Especially if its seeds and seeds before planting were treated with potassium permanganate for preventive purposes. However, sometimes this variety also succumbs to the onion fly. This pest at the end of May begins to intensively lay eggs on the bow.
Diseases and pests of onions - learn how to fight.
Then a week later the larvae emerge from the eggs, gnawing through the surface of onion feathers and climbing inside, after which the leaves of the plant begin to wrinkle and dry. Spraying using insecticides like Diazon or Boreas is used to combat this parasite.
Harvesting and storage
The bulbs of the Bamberger variety are ripening by the time the feathers begin to wilt and lie down, and the neck of the vegetable becomes soft. Most often this occurs in late July or early August. 
Harvesting proceeds as follows:
- From the ground with the help of hands or shovels remove the bulbs, which are collected in a pile.
- Then the harvested vegetable is transported to a dry room, where it is laid out with a layer of not more than 15 cm and dried for 5 days.
- After drying, the onions are sorted, at the same time cutting the feathers and roots.
- Ready for long-term storage, the vegetable is sent to a dark, dry and cool place, where, if the storage conditions are favorable, it can lie, completely retaining its condition, until a new harvest.
Possible problems and recommendations
The most common problems with growing onions, expressed in the drying of feathers and their lodging, arise from violations of agrotechnical rules, which is manifested in the following:
- shallow planting of seed sets, which leads to the fact that an undeveloped root system does not support the weight of green mass;
- poor quality of the soil, which lacks nitrogen;
- high temperature of cultivation, which is not suitable for this cold-resistant culture;
- low light.
Sometimes the onion leaves turn yellow and dry because of the invasion of the onion fly, as described above. Fresh onion variety "Bamberger" Dutch selection very quickly expanding the ranks of their fans thanks to a whole bunch of useful qualities and the practical absence of flaws. Despite its youth, the variety has already managed to get a successful run-in both at farms, at rural farmsteads, and at summer cottages.
