Radish refers to early-ripening crops that are rarely affected by disease. However, it still happens. Proper farming and gardening will avoid most of them. In this article we will talk about the signs and methods of combating diseases of radish.
This vegetable can overcome both viruses and pathogenic fungi. They excite such dangerous diseases as rust, mosaic, vascular bacteriosis, etc.
Did you know? Radish is one of the early vegetable crops, which, due to the content of beneficial vitamins and minerals, helps a person to overcome vitamin deficiency. Root vegetables contain vitamins B, P, PP, amino acids, sugars, proteins, calcium, phosphorus, iron and other useful elements.
Belle Cabbage Crops (white rust)
One of the most common fungal diseases of radish and other cultures of the cabbage family is belle, or white rust. It is excited by the fungus Albugo Candida (Pets.) Gray. It affects the leaves, stems, pedicels and testes - they are covered with white oily coating. As the disease progresses, the affected tissues become brown and dry out.
Favorable factors for the development of white rust are long cold periods, an abundance of weeds in the garden, a poorly cleaned area in the autumn.
Control measures. Since the pathogenic fungus winters on infected perennial plants and post-harvest residues, it is important to deal with weeds in a timely manner and carry out a thorough autumn harvesting of plant residues.
With a strong defeat of linen, the radish is sprayed with copper-containing preparations, fungicides against downy mildew in crucifers ("Ridomil Gold MC", "Ditan M", etc.).
Important! When spraying radish with fungicides, it is necessary to add adhesive. This may be a solution of liquid soap (1 ml of liquid soap / 10 l) or another means.
Quila
This fungal disease affects the radish roots - they appear growths in the form of balls or fusiform. At first, these growths are almost impossible to distinguish from the roots, since they have the same coloring with them. As the disease progresses, the roots turn brown and rot. This is the reason why radishes do not grow.
Favorable factors are planting radish in low areas with frequent stagnation of water. Also contributes to the development of the disease acidic soil. The greatest harm to the keel is during periods of lack of moisture. The pathogen is spread through the soil or manure.
Control measures. It is necessary to destroy weeds in time. Since seeds can be infected with a quillet, they should be disinfected before sowing. It is important to follow the recommendations for crop rotation.
For preventive purposes, before sowing radish (2-3 days), wood ash (100 g / 1 sq. M) is added to the wells. Before planting the seeds, the soil is well loosened. When planting seedlings, lime is added to the wells (35-40 g / 1 well). Also an important condition is the culling of seedlings.
For the treatment of this disease of radish, the soil is treated with lime milk (2 cups of lime / 10 liters of water). Consumption - 1 liter of solution for 1 plant.
Did you know? In order to avoid many diseases of radish, you must follow the rules of its crop rotation. Namely: this vegetable should not be planted after any crops belonging to the cruciferous family (cabbage, turnip, rutabaga, etc.). It is best to plant radishes on a plot where potatoes, tomatoes, legumes, and cucumbers previously grew. At the same place radishes should be planted after three years. It is also not recommended to plant radishes in close proximity to related cruciferous crops.
Radish mosaic
Mosaic is a dangerous viral disease of radish. It is characterized by a lag in the growth of a plant, mosaic pattern and a strong deformation of the growth of its leaves. The first signs are hardly noticeable - interstitial mosaic on sheets, which eventually turns into necrotic spots.
Control measures. Methods of treatment of radish mosaic today is not invented. Sick plants are subject to immediate removal and destruction.
Since weavers, aphids, and mites act as carriers of the mosaic virus, it is necessary to timely combat the invasion of these parasites with the help of insecticides. It is also important to weed the soil under the radish and between the rows, destroying weeds.
Cruciferous Mildew
Powdery plaque on the leaves, petioles and stalks of radish indicates the defeat of the plant by the fungi Brassicae and Erysiphe communis f - the causative agents of powdery mildew. Later the patina becomes brown. You can notice it mainly on the top of the sheet plate. The leaves dry, their shape is deformed. The whole radish slows in growth.
Control measures. If you noticed that the radish leaves are drying, and you are looking for information on what to do about it, we advise you to immediately treat the plants with fungicides that suppress the development of powdery mildew (Ridomil Gold MC, Ditan M, etc.) or Bordeaux liquid.
In order to prevent disease, one should follow the recommendations on crop rotation and avoid planting radishes near other cruciferous ones.
Perinosporosis (downy mildew)
Symptoms of peronosporosis appear on the leaves. At first small chlorotic spots are formed on them, later they become light yellow, oily, angular, and then brown. On the lower part of the sheet plate there is a bloom of gray-violet color. The causative agent of the disease is the fungus Pseudoperonospora cubensis Rostowz.
Control measures. With the development of this disease, the same methods of control are used as in the cruciferous mildew.
Gray rot
With the disease of gray mold, the roots of radish become covered with brown spots, on which a gray fluffy patina soon forms. The causative agent of the disease is the fungus Botrytis cinerea Pers. et Fr., which is carried by wind, water, in contact with infected root crops in storage. Black sclerotia can form on plant debris.
Favorable factors for the development of the disease are low temperatures with high humidity, for example, rainy and cold summers.
Control measures. Upon detection of diseased plants, they should immediately be removed and destroyed. To protect the radish from the disease, you can use blue vitriol solution, Bordeaux liquid, fungicides such as Ridomil Gold MC, Skor, Khom, Fundazol, etc. .
Important! For planting it is necessary to choose such types of radish, which are characterized by resistance to most diseases.
Vascular bacteriosis
Adult plants are affected by vascular bacteriosis, seedlings are much less common. A characteristic symptom of this bacterial disease is the blackening of the veins (vessels) on the leaves. The leaves begin to turn yellow, crumble and fall off.
The development of vascular bacteriosis is promoted by frequent rains and damage to the culture by pests. The infection lives in seeds, queen cells and plant debris.
Control measures. To prevent radish infection with this disease, special attention should be paid to the selection of seeds. Before sowing, they should be kept in hot water (+50 ° C) for 20 minutes. After which they should be dried. Selection of seeds is necessary only in healthy plants, before planting resist disinfection.
It is also necessary to carry out autumn harvesting of post-harvest residues. Do not neglect the rules of crop rotation. An important component of prevention is pest control.
Blackleg
Fungal black leg disease affects young plants, is manifested by yellowing and deformation of leaves and blackening at the base of the stem.
Control measures. To prevent a similar disease on your plants, it is important to care for the seedlings and disinfect the seeds before sowing.
Seed material is treated with aloe juice, garlic pulp solution, manganese. Seedlings should not be planted thickly. Landing is often aired. Do not allow elevated temperatures, heavy irrigation.
Three days before planting the seedlings, the soil must be watered with a solution of colloidal sulfur (40 g / 10 l of water). Immediately before planting, the soil is watered with a hot solution of potassium permanganate (1.5 g / 5 l of water). When growing plants, land is mulched near the stalks with sand with a layer up to 2 cm thick or with a mixture of sand and ash. This reduces the risk of black leg disease. Also seedlings watered with a solution of potassium permanganate (3-5 g / 10 l of water).
If you noticed that for some reason the radish turns black, most likely you are dealing with a disease that is called blackening of the roots. The roots are covered with blue-gray spots. Similar spots can be found in the root of the root. The plant rots and dies.
Control measures. The main cause of this problem is waterlogging, so watering should be moderate. Sick plants must be removed, the soil disinfected.
Growing radish is often difficult to diagnose and treat any disease. Armed with information about the symptoms of major diseases and measures of their confrontation, you can always start the treatment of vegetable crops and save the harvest.
