Most amateur gardeners prefer variety Venyaminovskoe.
That is why it is important to have information about what this apple tree is, how to care for it, etc.
This in fact elite variety will become the favorite variety of apples on your table. Apple Venyaminovskoe, description of the variety and photos in the article.
What kind is it?
Apple tree Venyaminovskoe - this is a winter variety.
The main indication for storage: keep the temperature cool at which the fruits may wither.
Apple storage time - up to five months.
By the winter varieties of apples also belong: Belfleur Bashkir, Belarussian Raspberry, Bolotovsky, Nastya and Winter Beauty.
Pollination
The following varieties are best for pollination: Arkad summer, Sharopay, Miron Sugar.
Description variety Venyaminovskiy
The apple tree of this variety is of not only industrial, but also aesthetic interest.
Trees apple varieties Venyaminovskoe quite largein height can reach one and a half meters. Crohn grows rounded in shape, the density is average.
The branches with the trunk form a right angle, and then their ends are directed upward, rather strong and large. The bark of the tree is smooth to the touch, has a gray tint.
Apple shoots have a curved shape in the form of an arc. The covering is fleecy, in a section have dark red color. The kidneys also have a fuzzy surface, conical shape.
The leaves are oval in shape, wrapped to the top in the form of a screw, wavy at the edges, slightly jagged.
Color - dark green, the surface is smooth, there are large veins, slightly pubescent.
The flowers are pale pink in shape, rounded, and the inflorescences contain six flowers each.
Venyaminovskie apples medium size - reach maximum 130 grams. However, there are cases when the apple tree was bearing large fruits, reaching 300 grams.
The shape of the apples resembles a beveled cone, rounded on the sides. When the period of harvesting is reached, the apples have a greenish tint, and when they reach a suitable period for consumption, the color of the fruits becomes more yellowish.
Most apple surfaces are covered scarlet blush. If the fruit is ripe under the best light, then the cover is almost completely covered with scarlet color. On the fruits, you can seamlessly notice subcutaneous points grayish color.
Apple trees of the following varieties can also boast of special beauty: Seedlings of Solntsedar, Nymph, Orlovsky pioneer, Aromatic and Screen.
The taste of apples refers to dessert, sweet and sour to type. The flesh of the fruit is juicy, white, sometimes has a greenish tint. The chemical composition of an apple contains Healthy acids and vitamins in abundance.
| Composition | amount |
|---|---|
| Sahara | 8,6% |
| Titrated acids | 0,71% |
| Ascorbic acid | 4.5 mg / 100 g |
| Vitamin P | 222 mg / 100 g |
A photo
Breeding history
Year of the first fruiting Venyaminovskogo varieties considered 1990. In 1981, the seeds were selected from the free pollination of crops of that year, and in 1982 the first planting was made.
Bred in the Russian Scientific Research Institute of Breeding Fruit Crops, in 1995 was recognized as an elite variety.
Breeders who are engaged in the cultivation and breeding of this variety are Z.M. Serova, E.A. Dolmatov, V.V. Zhdanov other. The elite are also considered varieties Orlovsky striped and Aphrodite
Region of breeding
The main region in which this variety is distributed is considered Chernozem, apple trees are planted mainly throughout the Russian territory of the middle zone.
Due to its frost resistance can be grown without damage in cold regions.
Yield
This variety is famous for its record rich yield.
For comparison: trees whose age is from 8 to 11 years old, brought 150 centners per hectarewhen, as a variety, Antonovka brings only 95 under the same conditions.
Consumer properties of the fruit are preserved from mid-October to February. The disadvantages of this variety is not considered the simultaneous ripening and large precipitation of fruits.
Also high yields are different varieties: Ural bulk, Phoenix Altai, Lobo, Iset Late and Summer.
Planting and care
This variety has its own characteristics in planting and care.
This variety can be planted both in autumn and spring. But the preferred time is early. Before planting a Venyaminovka variety seedling, the most important thing is to properly prepare the soil.
It needs to be enriched with nutrients, as well as It should have good water and breathability.
The tree has a high sensitivity to close-lying groundwater, so in such cases it is necessary artificial drainage of the soil. The place should be well lit.
Dug hole about 70 centimeters deepand a diameter of one meter, you need to fill up to the top, before the formation of a mound, only the top layer of excavated soil, mixing it previously with humus or any other fertilizers.
A mound is needed so that the sapling “does not subside” with time, it is possible to follow the degree of soil compaction after the hole has been dug out for a month, and only then begin planting.
The bottom layer of soil is simply scattered around or between the rows.
TIP: If the soil is clay, its depth must be increased, and the bottom covered with old cans, sawdust or stones to ensure air access to the root system of the tree.
Sapling necessary land at a certain height - at ground level, neither lower nor higher. To peg, which is pre-installed in the hill, the seedling should be tied eight.
It is desirable that two people be involved in planting a sapling, then the process will be faster and more qualitative.
To be satisfied with the harvest of apple trees every year, they need to regularly provide proper care. The harvest will be rich every year if you fertilize the apple trees in a timely manner and gradually.
Start off need to feed the tree in the spring. For this fit ammonium nitrate at a dose of thirty or forty grams. After the tree begins to bear fruit, it will need to be fertilized. humus or fresh manure.
As potassium phosphate fertilizer can be used the asheswhich is poured into a bucket of fertilizer. For each tree you need two or three such buckets.
Important to follow to keep the soil loose enough year-round, then enough air will be provided to the roots.
Try every spring prune old branches, remove the unsightly bark, then such a pruning will provide you with an increase in yield.
ATTENTION! This variety is resistant to anti-aging or shaping pruning.
Diseases and pests
Since this variety has a gene that provides resistance to scab, the main concern can be from animals and pests.
The varieties have a good resistance to scab: Hero of the Day, Rennet Chernenko, Zhigulevskiy, Veteran and Amazing.
In winter, take care about protecting tree bark from mice and hares.
A salvage can be lime whitewashwhich tends to repel data pests. Also a tree trunk can be aboutspit nylon stockings, it can be fastened with adhesive tape.
If you are not a supporter of chemicals that eliminate insect pests, you can spray trees with natural substances: bitter pepper, wormwood infusion, ash or onion peel. These options can be mixed together.
TIP: Plant a plant tansy around the apple tree - its smell will deter pests.
One of the most unpleasant lovers of apple is aphid. The danger is its ability to multiply very quickly and cause significant damage to the apple tree.
Her enemy, as you know, is a ladybug. You can resort to tricks and simply attract this insect to your garden with special plants.
For this land around the apple dill, calendula or coriander. Whitewashing trunks It can also become a barrier to the emergence of a dangerous aphid, which can affect the growth of young apples.
There are general preventive measures against pests:
Before the kidneys swell, spray the tree with either a beard fluid or copper sulphate solution.
Before flowering use Karbofros or Bordeaux mixture.
When the bloom is overprocess the wood with 4% Fozalona solution.
In the period when the tree begins to bear fruit, it must be treated with urea.
In the autumn it is necessary to clean old fallen leaves, remove insect nests.
It is very important to take preventive measures against such common pests as apple moth and moth, fruit sapwood and silkworm, as well as haws. How to do it right, read the individual articles of our site.
The most important advantage over other varieties of apple variety Venyaminovskoe is a specially bred gene, thanks to which the apple tree is highly resistant to scab. Fruits possess commodity qualities, stored for a long time.
