Less than a quarter of a century ago, grapes were considered an exotic crop. But now, viticulture has risen to a new level. Now anyone can plant a vine on their site.
But always there is a problem, what sort to choose? After all, any of them differs from the other not only in taste, but also in many other factors.
In this article we describe all the characteristics of Russian Early grapes.
Description varieties Russian early
Early Russian refers to the table species of grapes. This means that it is grown to eat this grape fresh. The table varieties are different from others by the pleasant taste of the berries, their beautiful appearance, good aroma and coloring. It is to them belong Karmakod, Korinka Russian and Lily of the Valley.
In addition, they are a therapeutic food product. The people for his light caramel flavor nicknamed "candy" or children's grapes.
Appearance of grapes
This variety has a pleasant appetizing appearance. Its berries are round, rich dark pink color. The weight of one berry is from five to eight grams, and one bunch weighs at least 400 grams.
Romeo, Chocolate and Taifi also have beautiful bunches and berries.
Bunch It has an average density, while the clusters sit firmly on a bush and withstand transportation. The length of a bunch can reach up to twenty-five centimeters. The pulp in the berries crunches, well accumulates sugar, has a sweetish, moderately sour taste. Bush vigorous. The leaves are medium in size, heart-shaped.
A photo
Breeding history
Derived with hybridizationvarieties Shasla North and Michurinets. The author is a Soviet scientist from Novocherkassk Ya.I. Potapenko. He developed a method for breeding frost-resistant and mildew-resistant grapes. Amirkhan, Aladdin and Vityaz belong to the hand of the same breeder.
Specifications
As the name implies, Russian Early - early maturing. The ripening period is very fast, from 105 to 115 days, it ripens in August. This grape has good frost resistance, withstands frosty weather up to -23 C. Due to this, it is available for cultivation in the cold zones of Russia, such as: Far East, Siberia, North-West.
Super Extra, Beauty of the North, Arched possess high resistance to frost.
Productivity is average, approximately five to seven kilogram berries from the bush.
The first 4-5 years of grape growth, he slowly increases the wood. Because of this, the first yields are not encouraging in large volumes - there are few clusters, small berries. Already an adult grape bush can yield up to 25 kg.
In the pluses of grapes can be written that he unpretentious and easy to clean. Among the unpretentious varieties are popular Aleshenkin dar, Giovanni and Denisovsky.
For planting, a pit is excavated about half a meter deep, and it lands in the fall. Grapes should be watered regularly to the berries are not cracked and thus did not attract wasps.
Pruning is better to do medium, but short is also acceptable. When pruning, particular attention should be paid to increasing the diameter of the trunk. Due to this, the taste of the berries will improve, their size and the size of the clusters.
Diseases and pests
Early Russian has a relative immunity to the following diseases:
- Mildew - A disease that affects all green areas of grapes.
- Gray rot - infection, causing great damage to the plant. The development of gray rot contributes to wet weather.
- Oidium - A disease affecting berries and green parts of grapes.
- Also, Russian Early is relatively resistant to ticks.
The most common and dangerous pest to which there is no immunity - Phylloxera (aphid-mistress). This stubborn pest destroys grapevines from the roots. Gradually, the grape reduces the yield, and after 5-8 years finally dies.
How to deal with phylloxera?
- Plant grapes on sandy soils.
- Flood bushes with water for three to four days.
- Destroy the already infected bushes.
- If the pest is on the leaflets in small quantities, the leaves break off and burn.
- Spray drugs (Fastak, Aktellik, Kinmiks, Fozalon).
Another equally destructive force is wasps. It is worth noting that they pose a threat only by the end of the summer, when the harvest takes place. At first, they are the opposite benefit. To combat the wasps there are such methods:
- The destruction of the entire colony.
In the morning, when the wasp is not in the hive, find it. At night, when all the wasps are back in their nest, spray the liquid against the wasps directly inwards. After that, remove and burn. - Smoke bomb.
From the smoke wasps fall to the ground, where they are easy to crush. But be careful, you still need protection from their bites. - Bait for wasps.
Make a bait near the nest. It is safer to pour poison along with sweet foods.
Great discomfort in the cultivation of grapes and bring birds. They bite the grapes and carry its juice to their chicks. In order to avoid this, it is better to surround the vines with a network in which the birds will not get entangled, but will face an impassable barrier.
In conclusion, I would like to say that Early Russian has an advantage over other table grapes because of your taste, ease of maintenance and early ripening. A big plus is also frost resistance, which means that it can be grown in more regions than others.
Russian early has a relative immunity to common grape diseasessuch as mildew, oidium, gray mold. And for other diseases it is treated in the same way as others. You can read more about such common grape diseases as anthracnose, bacteriosis, chlorosis, rubella and bacterial cancer in separate articles of our website.
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