Tractors are not cared for by such people's attention as, say, the latest models of passenger cars or spectacular main tractors. But without them it is impossible to imagine agriculture and the communal sphere. The range of such machines is constantly expanding, and the MTZ production program is no exception. Consider one of the most popular tractors of this plant, namely MTZ-1253.
A bit of creation history
The universal tractor MTZ-1523 is manufactured by the Minsk Tractor Plant. This is a representative of the legendary family of "Belarus" (namely, the line "Belarus-1200").
The predecessors of this model are the well-known machines MTZ-82 and MTZ-1221.
But they are inferior to the "fifteenth" in power and traction characteristics. This is also evident from such a criterion as a traction class: the model 1523 is assigned to the 3rd category, whereas 1221 is assigned to the 2nd category, and the 82nd is assigned a coefficient of 1.4.
Over the years of production, the MTZ-1523 became the basis for a whole family of tractors, helped by constant modernization. The changes were mainly engine. So, on machines with indices 3, 4 and B.3 there are motors with a capacity of 150 liters. With., and the figure 5 means that in front of you - a car with a 153-horsepower engine. A little later, imported diesel DEUTZ was added to the line of units.
In 2014-15 the production of a model with an additional index “6”, which has a hydromechanical transmission (the same time, this node began to be put on the “fives”) was mastered.
Important! The plate indicating the serial numbers of the tractor and the engine is located on the back niche of the cab, closer to the right wheel. Just below it is placed another table with the number of the cab itself.The latest changes to the device are made literally this year. They affected the thermal mode of the engine during operation. New modifications received indices T1, T1.3 and T.3.
The design came out quite successful, and after a number of significant improvements, a more powerful MTZ-2022 tractor belonging to the 4th traction class began to be produced on its base.
Spectrum of agricultural work
The universal tractor is designed to perform a variety of operations, namely:
- plowing any type of soil;
- continuous cultivation and harrowing;
- preplant soil preparation;
- sowing grain with the use of wide-aggregates;
- fertilization and spraying;
- harvesting of tilled crops;
- lifting and removing grass and straw from the field;
- transport works (transportation of equipment or trailers with cargo).
For plowing new and virgin lands, the legendary crawler tractor DT-54 will be an excellent option.
Considering the possibility of working with a huge number of specialized units and complexes, it turns out that MT3-1523 is able to perform almost all types of field work.
Did you know? During the Great Patriotic War, the tractor was sometimes used with a shortage of tanks. The calculation was on the psychological impact: such psevdotanki went on the attack in the dark, with headlights and sirens on.It is widely used in forestry, utilities, and construction.
Specifications
We turn to a detailed review of the technical features of this model. Let's start with the "introductory" part, which gives a general idea of the tractor.
Total information
- dry weight (kg): 6000;
- maximum permissible gross weight with load (kg): 9000;
- dimensions (mm): 4710x2250x3000;
- wheelbase (mm): 2760;
- front wheel track (mm): 1540-2115;
- rear wheel track (mm): 1520-2435;
- minimum turning radius (m): 5.5;
- tire size: front wheels - 420 / 70R24, rear wheels - 520 / 70R38;
- ground clearance (mm): 380;
- wheel formula: 4x4;
- maximum speed (km / h): working - 14.9, transport - 36.3;
- speed range in reverse (km / h): 2.7-17.1;
- ground pressure (kPa): 150.
Learn more about the technical characteristics, pros and cons of the tractors T-30, DT-20, T-150, MTZ-80, K-744, MTZ-892, MTZ 320, K-9000, T-25.
Engine
The base engine for MTZ-1523 is diesel D-260.1. This is an inline 6-cylinder turbocharged engine. It stands out with such data:
- volume - 7.12 liters;
- diameter of the cylinder / piston stroke - 110/125 mm;
- compression ratio -15.0;
- power - 148 liters. with.;
- maximum torque - 622 N / m;
- crankshaft speed (rpm): nominal - 2100, minimum - 800, maximum idling - 2275, with peak torque - 1400;
- cooling system - liquid;
- lubrication system - combined;
- weight - 700 kg.
D-260.1 engineImportant! Running in of a new tractor takes 30 hours: the first half of this period is used in light transport works, then it is transferred to light field work using the GNS (hydraulic mounted system). The oil coarse filter of the transmission is cleaned every 10 hours.These engines are equipped with fuel pumps of the Czech company Motorpal or Russian fuel injection pumps Yazda. Thermal mode is controlled automatically by means of two thermostats.
Other tractors can be installed on these tractors:
- 150 hp D-260.S1 with similar characteristics. True, there are differences in eco-standard (unlike the base motor, this one meets the standards of Stage II);
- slightly more powerful (153 hp.) and light (650 kg) D-260.S1B3. Environmental "tolerance" - Stage IIIB;
- D-260.1S4 and D-260.1S2 with a maximum torque of 659 Nm;
- Deutz TCD2012. This is also an inline 6-cylinder engine. But with a smaller (6 l) volume, it develops a working capacity of 150 liters. with., while the maximum is already 178. To become and thrust: the highest torque - 730 N / m.
Fuel tank capacity and consumption
The volume of the main fuel tank - 130 l, additional - 120.
Did you know? Lamborghini supercars can be considered "heirs" of tractors. Before the production of powerful cars, the owner of the company, Feruchcho Lamborghini, founded a factory for the production of agricultural machinery and parts for it.Full refueling is enough for a long time: the value of specific fuel consumption according to the passport is 162 g / l.s.ch. In real conditions, where much depends on the adjustments and mode of operation, this figure may slightly increase (usually not more than 10%). It turns out that for the shift it is possible to do without refueling.
Cabin
The cabin with a cylindrical glazing provides normal conditions for safe operation. It is rigidly attached to the frame and has a good noise and vibration insulation (which left much to be desired on the old “Belarus”). Thanks to the fit of the glass, sun blinds and well-thought-out ergonomics, it is very convenient to work.
Access to basic controls does not require special preparation: all instruments and levers are visible, and if necessary, work in the reverse mode, the seat rotates 180 degrees. The seat itself is sprung, its position is adjustable in several directions.
The steering column is with a metering pump, and the steering wheel does not overlap the control devices. The reversible control post is equipped with redundant fuel supply cables, as well as brake and clutch pedals.
Important! A block of 5 control lamps is placed on the instrument panel.Good visibility is provided not only by rear-view mirrors, but also front and rear window washers along with the “wipers”.
As an option, an air conditioner can be installed (the heater is supplied as standard equipment).
Transmission
MTZ-1523 has a dry double-plate clutch. permanently closed type. Its design is enhanced and complemented by a hydrostatic control unit. 
The gearbox, depending on the configuration, has 4 or 6 stages. More popular is the first option, working on the formula 16 + 8 (16 modes for moving forward and 8 - for reversing). 6-speed German gearbox brand ZF has a larger range: 24 + 12. True, it is put for a fee.
The power take-off shaft mounted on the rear is independent, 2-speed. Designed for rotation modes of 540 or 1000 rpm. Front PTO is available as an option. It has one speed and "turns" within 1000 rev / min.
Electrical equipment
The on-board system is designed for a working voltage of 12 V and a generator of 1.15 or 2 kW (it all depends on the specific configuration). At start-up, a system delivering 24 V (at 6 kW) is activated.
Two batteries connected in parallel have a capacity of 120 Ah each.
Did you know? Every year (since 1998), the Italian magazine Trattori holds a Tractor of the Year contest, which determines which of the modern models is the best in terms of design and usability.When it is necessary to connect consumers in the form of trailed units, a combined socket for 9 contacts is used.
Steering
In the hydrovolume control system there are two pumps: one that provides power (with a volume of 16 "cubes" at the turn) and a dispenser (at 160 cc / rev).
The mechanical part consists of two differential hydraulic cylinders and tie rod.
Brakes
On this model, they are pneumatic 3-disc, working in an oil bath. They act both on the rear and on the front wheels (through the axle drive) and are represented by such contours:
- the worker;
- working on the rear wheels;
- main parking;
- parking on the rear wheels.
Front and rear axle
The front drive axle of the beam type is made according to a coaxial scheme using planetary gearboxes and a closed conic limited slip differential. Swivel pins - two-bearing. 
Important! When traveling on a paved road, it is recommended to disable the front axle drive: this will slow down the wear of the front tires and parts of this unit.It is controlled by means of a friction clutch with the participation of the EGU block. The bridge is designed for 3 positions: on, in the mode of forced shutdown and with the function of automatic inclusion (in case the rear wheels are stalled).
The rear axle is also equipped with "planetary". The main gear has the same appearance as in the case of the front axle - a pair of bevel gears transmits the rotation to the gearbox with the help of two side bevel gears. Differential lock.
Chassis, hydraulic system and GNS
Chassis MTZ-1523 includes:
- semi-frame with rigid suspension;
- front and rear wheels. When mounting spacers really achieve twinning rear wheels.
- working volume of 32 cu. cm;
- productivity is 55 l / min;
- working pressure - up to 20 MPa.
- flow distributor;
- spool regulator (electrohydraulics).
The electro-hydraulic system of the rear mounted device (RLL) and external consumers of the tractor BELARUS-1523 includes an oil tank (1) with a capacity of 35 liters with a built-in 20 micron filter (2); gear pump (3) with switchable drive (4); integral unit (5), consisting of 3 distribution sections (LS) 6 with manual control, overflow (safety) valve 7, elektrotrogidraelichvevy regulator (EHR) 8. two cylinders of RLL (9), hoses and hoses.The EHR is controlled from the console. 10 Position is controlled by the feedback sensor signals: positional (11), power (12) and microprocessor-based controller 13. implementing the specified control algorithm.
In the neutral position of the spools 14. of the distributor 6 and the EHR, the oil from the pump 3 flows through the open overflow valve 7 into the oil tank through the drain filter (2).
When installing the valve 14 of the distributor in the working position (lifting, lowering) the oil from the pump enters the executive bodies of agricultural machines.
The RLL (15) is controlled by the regulator (EHR) (8) with electromagnetic control. It consists of a bypass valve (16). lift spool (17) and lowering valve (18), controlled by proportional electromagnets (19). In the automatic control mode of the RLL, depending on the control method chosen by the operator on the control panel, the system allows you to maintain the specified position of the tillage implement, stabilize the traction resistance, improve the traction characteristics of the unit by transferring a part of the implement weight to the drive wheels
In this case, the electrical signals of the sender (2) of the position (11) and the 2 power sensors (12) enter the microprocessor controller and are compared with the signal given by the operator on the control panel (10).
If these signals do not coincide, the controller (13) generates a control action for one of the two magnets (19) of the EHR. which, in turn, by means of power hydraulic cylinders 9, carries out a corrective action on the tillage implement up or down, thus stabilizing the position of the implement and tractive resistance.
Additional features
As options the manufacturer offers such nodes and systems:
- front hitch;
- automatic hitch;
- front PTO;
- ZF gearbox (24 + 12);
- front ballast weighing up to 1025 kg;
- a set for twinning wheels (both rear and front);
- extra seats;
- air conditioning.
Did you know? On June 25, 2006, a record for the number of tractors operating in one field was recorded on the field near the British Hallavington airbase. The organizers involved 2141 units of equipment.From attachments, the plant itself produces plows for plowing various types of soil.
As for the aggregates of other brands, their list is huge, almost everything can be attached to the tractor - from the plow to the dumping trailer, from the cultivator to the fertilizer unit (not to mention harrows and rollers).
Advantages and disadvantages
The experience gained by the tractor drivers and mechanics revealed the strengths of the MTZ-1523 and its typical "diseases".
The universally recognized advantages of the Minsk tractor are:
- reliable and powerful engines;
- acceptable fuel and oil consumption;
- the presence in the design of a number of high-quality imported components;
- comfortable cabin with the possibility of conversion to work in reverse mode;
- compatibility with main agricultural machines;
- work with a large number of mounted and trailed devices;
- good build quality;
- Finally, a reasonable price, which, coupled with the availability of spare parts and high maintainability makes this machine a good option for the farmer.
Important! In order for the new tractor to work for many years, up to TO-1 (125 hours), engine power is used up to 80% of its nominal value.This tractor has its drawbacks like:
- leaking clutch engagement cylinders (besides, it is not always possible to find a repair kit);
- accelerated wear of clutch bearings and clutch disc;
- oil leaks from the engine (often do not hold gaskets);
- weak oil hoses running on the PTO shaft;
- A relative disadvantage in our conditions is the maintenance of versions with Deutz engines - they work properly, but in case of which large-scale replacement of parts entail significant costs.
Now you know what this tractor is capable of, and in general terms you can imagine its device. Hopefully, these data will help determine the choice of agricultural equipment, and already purchased "Belarus" will become a reliable assistant. Record harvests and fewer breakdowns in the field!
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