Currently, the market presents a lot of different tools, which were previously considered to be quite expensive, and now it has quite affordable prices. And now we will talk about such a necessary, and sometimes simply necessary thing in the household, like a chain saw.
In addition, the variety of models of this tool in our stores is really great, and to understand it can be difficult.
The complexity and frequency of work: the classification of saws
Modern chain saws are divided into three main classes according to their capabilities and, accordingly, to solved tasks: household, farming and professional. Consider for what purposes each category is intended.
Household
This class is designed for preparing firewood for personal use - for example, for a private house or a dacha, sawing up not very thick logs or cutting knots in a garden plot. For such saws, the norm is 20 hours of work per month, or about 40 minutes a day. They have low power and low weight. If you need to use the tool from time to time - this category is for you. 
In the process of using chainsaws, there may be questions about sharpening the chain, stretching the chain, problems with starting up, machine tools for sharpening the chain.
Farm
The tool of this class is also called semi-professional. You can do any kind of work with such a saw - build a house, cut down trees. You can even perform some tasks of a professional nature - for example, cut the knots in the forest.
These saws differ from professional saws in their lower power, lifespan and tire size. They are not available indicators of continuous work of professional tools. The name of the class "farmer" very capaciously characterizes this type.
It is not intended for daily full-fledged work on felling huge pines in the northern conditions, but it is quite suitable for everyday use in the farm, where anything can happen. 
Professional
The most powerful category. Its name suggests that the tool of this class is designed for use in maximum modes. The service life of such saws is up to 2000 hours. For them, the normal mode of operation - 16 hours a day and 8 hours without a break. The power of such saws is usually higher than 2000 watts.
Such a tool does not make sense to buy for the home, not only because of the high price. It is believed that even with the maximum domestic use, you use at most a tenth of its potential.
Did you know? Sometimes they also single out a separate “special” class (for high-altitude work without ladders, with the help of derzhak, for the work of rescue workers, etc.).
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Other criteria
Before choosing a saw, one should pay attention to certain criteria and study them carefully.
Electric or gasoline engine
It is difficult to say unequivocally that it is better - a chainsaw or its electric counterpart. To begin, consider the advantages and disadvantages of each type of engine.
Chainsaw 
Benefits:
- autonomy (no cord);
- high power;
- longer tire;
- the ability to work in all weather conditions.
- weight;
- greater complexity in operation compared to electric saws;
- the need to monitor the fuel mixture (do not forget to add oil to gasoline);
- high price;
- not suitable for indoor use (not only in exhaust but also in noise, 100 dB against 75 dB at the electric motor).
Important! When working with a chainsaw, you cannot use gasoline that has been stored for more than two months. After this period, polymers and resin begin to form in it (this is a natural process), due to which carbon deposits are formed in the cylinder.
Electric saw 
Benefits:
- convenience (started by pressing a button);
- ease;
- smooth and smooth cut, due to the absence of vibration;
- the best option for working indoors;
- ease of operation;
- low noise;
- The price is much lower than that of chainsaws.
- the presence of the cord (this does not apply to the battery saws);
- electricity dependency;
- low power;
- continuously runs no more than 20 minutes;
- You can not work at high humidity (especially in the rain).
Learn how to make a potato shovel, potato planter, hiller, Fokin flat cutter, snow blower, shovel with auger, miracle shovel, snow shovel, mower with your own hands.
Weight and size
In size, saws of all classes are about the same. They have approximately the following dimensions: 450/270/300 mm.
The weight of household saws ranges from 5 to 7.5 kg, and the tire length, respectively, from 40 to 50 cm. It can be said that the optimal or average weight in this category is about 6 kg.
As for semi-professional saws, here the indicators are approximately as follows: weight from 4 to 7.5 kg, the average value in the region of 5 kg. Tire length 50 cm.
Saws of the professional category can have a weight (without a tire) of about 4 kg, while they normally work with tires up to 75 cm long.
Did you know? In 1927, Emil Lerp developed and presented the Dolmar chainsaw. She weighed 58 kg.
Australian V8 Chainsaw created by Whitlands Engineering - the largest chainsaw in the worldPower selection
Power, perhaps - the main indicator of the tool. It depends on him how quickly and deeply a saw can cut a tree, and whether it will be possible to do it at all for this particular task. Usually 1-2 horsepower is enough for a household tool.
For the professional category there is a large variation in power tool - 2-6 kW. But here there is such an indicator as the ratio of weight and power. Indeed, it is one thing to cut ordinary trees in a warm climate, and quite another to a frozen spruce in the circumpolar regions of Russia. Accordingly, the power required is different.
Headset selection
The saws of all three classes are identical in constructional terms. To put it simply, this is an engine (electric motor or internal combustion engine with a clutch), and a replaceable headset, which includes a tire and a chain.
Type and length of tires
Tire - one of the main characteristics of the saw. Its choice is influenced by many factors in each case for a specific task.
There are narrow and flat tires. The distinctive feature of a narrow tire - narrowed tip. Such a constructional solution helps to avoid kickback when the chain enters the cut. Apply such tires, mainly on the household tool. The wide tip is used in a professional class and at supercomplex works. 
Lightweight tire consists of a pair of steel sidewalls, the space between which is filled with high-strength polyamide. For a certain kind of work, this characteristic (light weight) can be a significant advantage.
Interchangeable Head Tire - This headset is installed on a professional high power tool. It is used at the most intensive loadings. 
Also of great importance is the length of the tire. The choice of length depends on the engine power rating. The characteristics of any instrument should indicate the recommended tire length. Smaller size (in small limits), you can use. Tolerance is usually specified in the instructions.
But greater use is not recommended categorically. This leads not just to the loss of power saws. The engine does not cope, it works in an unbearable mode for it, which ultimately leads to its rapid deterioration and breakage.
The tire length is indicated in inches, and can be 10 "(25 cm), 12" (30 cm), 14 "(35 cm), 16" (40 cm), 18 "(45 cm).
Important! Such an element of protection as an additional shield on the chainsaws of Swedish manufacturers is not provided.
Circuit requirements
The chain pitch is the distance between adjacent links. Indicated in inches. There are 5 step sizes:
- 0,25" (1/4");
- 0,325";
- 0,375" (3/8");
- 0,404";
- 0,75"(3/4").
For each step, there is a rough assignment. For example, for ordinary household sawing of timber or thin logs, for cutting branches or sawing dry trees, it will be enough to 0.325 ".
Video: how to choose a chain and tire for a chainsaw
If there is an instrument, the construction of a cellar with ventilation, a sheep house, a chicken coop, a verandah, a gazebo, pergolas, a fence, a blind area of a house, a smokehouse of hot and cold smoking, a path from spilov, a bathhouse, a gable roof, a wooden greenhouse, an attic will not be a problem.
Availability of additional protection
Often (especially for beginners), the cause of injury may be recoil, or inertial impact, which is formed at the moment when the chain cuts into the tree. Helps to avoid such a phenomenon shock absorber or inertial brake. When choosing a tool you should pay attention to its availability.
Vibration is another risk factor. Strong vibration can damage joints. In inexpensive household saws, this problem is solved by the use of rubber pads. And in a professional tool - by moving the handle with the tank away from the engine, thus creating a counterweight. If you don't want joint problems in the future, pay attention to the presence of vibration protection.
The lock, or the throttle lock button - Another useful feature, the presence of which eliminates accidental pressing on the gas. Given the ability of the saw to cause serious injury, this feature will not be superfluous.
Additional shield it is intended to prevent contact of hands with the dangerous mechanism at the time of work. Such protection is located at the end of the headset. 
UPS Resource
What shakes such a thing as a resource for uninterrupted work, it still does not exist its single and clear classification. In addition, it (classification) is complicated by such factors as regular use, the conditions under which it is necessary to work, etc.
That is, it is possible to work with a professional tool on the verge of its capabilities, in super-tough conditions, and with the same tool in a sparing mode. After this, it is incorrect to speak of an equal "margin of safety."
It is believed that a professional tool has a service life of 1500-2000 hours. But even in this case, different manufacturers determine this value differently. Some people call the end of the resource a drop in compression in the engine to 0.6 from the initial one, others mean the first overhaul.
Did you know? The world leader in the production of chain saws, the German company Stihl, owes its name to engineer Andreas Stiel, a German by birth, who patented his invention in 1926 - an electric chain saw.
Price and quality
We will try to bring the most popular models of the most famous brands. It is believed that all of them fully justify their prices, and the large variation in the price category of the professional class is explained by the aforementioned difference in power.
Household class:
- PATRIOT PT 3816 Imperial - $ 100;
- Hyundai X 360 - $ 110;
- Partner P350S - $ 150;
- PATRIOT PT 4518 - $ 150;
- Makita EA3202S40B - $ 150;
- Makita EA3203S40B - less than $ 200;
- Hitachi CS 33 EB - $ 200;
- Husqvarna $ 240 - $ 200;
- ECHO CS-350WES-14 - $ 300.
- Huter BS-52 - $ 100;
- DAEWOO DACS4516 -130 $;
- Efco 137 - $ 200;
- Husqvarna 440E - $ 250;
- ECHO CS-260TES-10 "- $ 350;
- Hitachi CS30EH - $ 350.
- Hyundai X 560 - $ 200;
- PATRIOT PT 6220 - $ 200;
- Hitachi CS 40 EL - $ 300;
- STIHL MS 361 - $ 600;
- Husqvarna 372 XP 18 "- $ 670.
How to use the saw for the first time
A new tool, as well as a saw after overhaul, requires a running-in procedure before starting. It is necessary to increase the service life of both the engine and the entire unit.
First you need to soak the chain in an oil bath. Do this as directed by the manufacturer. This is usually done in this way: take a clean container, put a canvas in it and cover with oil, which is recommended in the instructions, for 4-6 hours.
Running in electric saws - simple thing. After setting the chain, turn on the saw and let it idle for a few minutes. Then tighten the chain - for sure it is slightly stretched. Work a little with not very thick material and check how the chain is tensioned. Now saw is ready for real work.
Important! After the engine stops, wait for the circuit to cool. Only after cooling the chain should it be stretched.How to adjust the tension of the chain saws - video
Running chainsaw requires more time and effort.
The first launch must be carried out with the headset. If you start the engine without load, it can lead to premature wear. Before you start the engine, you need to do two important procedures:
- prepare the fuel mixture;
- check the lubrication for lubrication of the chain that enters the bus channels.
Two-stroke engines of chainsaws do not have special units responsible for lubrication. Lubrication is carried out with oil that is part of the fuel mixture. Therefore, it is extremely important to prepare a mixture of gasoline and two-stroke oil, in the ratio indicated by the tool manufacturer.
Gasoline is used with an octane rating not lower than 90. It is very important to use high-quality fuel. If the fuel tank of the chainsaw has a green lid, then your saw's engine is equipped with a catalyst, you need to take unleaded fuel for it. If there is no catalyst, then use leaded gasoline. 
Learn about the causes and methods of tree removal with a cut and how to remove a tree without cutting it.To prepare the fuel mixture, you can take the oil recommended by the saw manufacturer, or universal two-stroke oil for chainsaws such as JASOFB or ISOEGB. In this case, the proportion of the mixture will be 1:33 (1 part of oil per 33 parts of gasoline A-92 and higher). If you decide to stop the choice on the oil recommended by the manufacturer, see the proportions of the mixture on the package (usually they range from 1:25 to 1:50).
The next thing to do is to check the lubricant going to the tire channel. This is done as follows:
- check if there is oil in the tank;
- inspect the bus channels;
- we check the lubrication of the bearing of the drive sprocket and the presence of lubrication of the driven sprocket.
Did you know? The famous Soviet chainsaw "Friendship" appeared in 1955. In 1958, she received a gold medal at the Brussels Exhibition. The initial quality of the instrument was so high that some copies of the sixties are still in working condition. Such a saw weighs 12 kg.
After you are convinced that everything is normal, you can proceed to the first launch. The following is the procedure for cold start:
- Tension the chain so that it turns freely.
- Place the saw on a hard, stable surface so that the chain and tire do not touch any objects.
- Put the chain brake inoperative.
- Turn on the ignition.
- Close the air supply.
- If your instrument has a decompression valve, press it, this will make it easier to start.
- We put the throttle valve on start. If your chainsaw has separate control, pull the flap lever out of the body. If you have an instrument with a combined control, lock the throttle lever in an intermediate position by pushing it.
- Non-working (more often with the left) hand, take the saw by the front handle and press it down, guiding it down.
- Stepping right foot on the protective arm of the handle.
- With the other hand, pull the starter handle towards you, until we feel resistance, then a sharp jerk should be made.
- Open the air damper and do a restart of the saw.
- After starting the engine, we add gas to the maximum and lower the throttle, after that the start blocker will be turned off.
Now let the saw work for 5 minutes at idle. Check the tension, if there is a need (usually it arises) - tighten the chain.At idle it is not recommended to work for a long time, for the reason that in this mode the fuel mixture enters the engine in the minimum quantity. At the same time, engine parts lack lubrication, which adversely affects them.
Without loading the tire, try to cut thin knots, branches. The recommended mode is:
- 60-90 s. - work in the minimum mode;
- 10-20 s. - at idle.
Then stop the saw and check the tension. При необходимости повторите процедуру натяжения.Important! Толщина дерева при работе бензопилой не играет никакой роли в нагрузке на пилу и гарнитуру. Нагрузку создает только работающий человек, тем давлением, которое он оказывает на инструмент. Особенно важно помнить об этом при обкатке.
В конце обкатки следует провести настройку карбюратора, желательно делать это в сервисе производителя.
After making 6-7 tanks you get a chainsaw with the characteristics that are incorporated in it by the manufacturer.
Well, now you know almost everything you need to start working with a chainsaw. The rest of the subtleties and tricks for more effective work will come with experience. Just remember: both the chainsaw and the electric saw are quite dangerous tools, and if you follow the safety instructions you can get serious injuries. Do not neglect these simple rules.
Video: running chainsaw
Which saw to choose: reviews
Having Makit benzo and electro, I have been using electric more and more ... Why?
I work alone, prepared a log, once, quail, prepared, quail., I.e. Logs are more dragging than sawing Benzo at idle often "rolling" on the ground from the vibration of the piston.
But again, if I go on business, only benzo
