The tendency to create fashionable pharmaceutical gardens in Europe on its own site has reached us. Indeed, it is important that the plants in the yard not only delight with their decorativeness, but also bring health benefits. In this article, we will talk about how to plant and grow wild rose at home. Experts and experienced gardeners are ready to share the best advice on this.
Choosing a landing site
Knowledgeable gardeners are advised, before planning where to plant rose hips on the site, to choose the varieties of wild roses. Indeed, for the formation of the ovary of one bush is not enough. It will not be possible to harvest from it, because to get berries you need at least 2 plants growing nearby. In addition, they must be mixed. Allowed crops of the same species and variety, subject to their cultivation by the seed method.
Important! Professionals distinguish shrubs with high and low composition of vitamins. At the first sepals stick upwards, on berries under a cup there is a round hole. In the second, the leaves of the cups are directed downwards, falling off; they form a dense pentagon. In people, a low vitamin form is called a "dog" rosehip.When the species are sorted out, you can look at the area for planting. Ideally, this is a well-lit zone at some elevation, where rich black earth and groundwater does not accumulate. The root system of the shrub is very developed, so it goes far deeper and in breadth. Excess moisture can easily destroy the plant.
Rosehip is attributed to the family Pink. Rose in the botanical literature is often called the dog rose itself. Interestingly, many valuable fruit trees and shrubs also belong to the Rosy family: raspberry, apple, pear, plum, peach, cherry, strawberry.
Some homeowners place a wild rose on the border of their farmstead or near the outbuildings. In any case, the culture is famous for its healing qualities and endurance and, like all living things, absorbs toxins from the environment. therefore landing plan better away from busy roads. And so that the dog rose does not spread out over the whole garden, protect its near-trunk circles with a shallow moat of 20 cm. If such a solution does not fit into the design, you can dig into the soil purchased decorative fencing to this depth.
Did you know? Wild rose flowers open at exactly 4-5 in the morning, and go to bed at 7-8 in the evening.
Planting rules for wild rose seedlings
In the garden, wild rose can be planted in a row or curtain. It is important to leave a distance of about 1.5-2 m between the bushes. The most suitable for planting are two-year-old seedlings, which have managed to grow a strong crown and, accordingly, a strong rhizome. 
When planting wild rose seedlings does not really matter. If you plan to carry out rooting in the spring, in the fall be sure to fertilize the soil. To do this, in the middle of October, when digging up the plot, close the compost or overfilled dung to a depth of 30 cm. About 6-7 kg of organic matter should fall on a square meter of land. In the case of the autumn planting of seedlings, fertilizing should be arranged a month before.
In general, the dog rose, according to the housewives who have already acquired it, is easy to plant and care for. In order for the sapling to take root well and quickly go into growth, it is necessary to make a square depression of 30 cm. If the soil was not fertilized, it is better to dig a hole deeper and wider - about 80 cm wide and 50 cm deep. The bottom is drained, sprinkled on top with a small layer of the substrate, the rhizomes are lowered and smoothed, instilled with a mixture of compost and the top layer of earth. Some gardeners recommend adding 100 g of superphosphate and 30 g of potassium salt as fertilizer. Then you need to water the bush plentifully. For this purpose, you will need about 8 buckets of separated water. After all, you can begin to mulch pristvolnyh circles. For this, peat crumb will be an excellent material, it is enough to lay out a layer of 3 cm from it.
Did you know? Archaeologists during excavations in Switzerland found evidence that people used wild rose berries during the Ice Age.
Rose Hip Care Tips
For a full growing season and abundant fruiting shrubs need to create certain conditions. What exactly, we consider in order.
Watering
The wild rose can quite adapt for a drought, therefore does not demand regular humidifying procedures. Moreover, its roots can independently reach the wet layers of the earth. In the heat, it is desirable to pour no more than 2 buckets of water under the young bush, and about five under the one that has entered the fruiting phase. Gardeners say that for the season dogrose watering no more than 4 times. After each moistening, the substrate in the circles of the trunk should preferably be loosened and mulched. 
Top dressing
Timely fertilizers are important for the dog rose in the first years of its life, without them, care of the plant in the spring is unthinkable, and old specimens do not need any additional feeding. The first procedure should be planned in the middle of March, the second - in the middle of summer, the third - in the beginning of autumn. Many consider the best fertilizer solution from chicken manure or nitrogen-containing substances.
Fruiting plants are fed every 3 years. To this end, in the spring under each shrub to make up to 3.5 kg of humus or compost.
Did you know? Professionals use wild rose as a stock for roses.
Pruning
The first trim rosehip begins in the spring immediately after planting. Sharp pruners need to remove all the branches on the seedling, leaving ten centimeter shoots above the soil. Some gardeners lower the cut line to 5 cm. This is done to ensure that the plant is well bushy. 
In the future, it will be necessary to thin out the crown once every 3 years. In order to increase the yield immediately form it from 15 shoots. In this case, make sure that the twigs were of different years, and it is desirable that among them there are no instances that are more than 7 years old.
Pruning should be carried out in the spring, although there are also manuals in the literature about autumn haircuts. In fact, experts believe that wild rose shrubs, injured during the removal of old and extra branches, will not be able to survive the winter. It is also important not to reduce this process to the illiterate shortening of sprouts, because as a result of such manipulations next spring the bush will give a lot of young shoots that do not have time to ripen for fruiting.
Important! For good development of shrubs in pristvolnyh circles, it is important to regularly clean weeds and loosen.
Pest and disease control
The wild rose, unfortunately, is vulnerable to bronzovka, rosy flies and sawflies, spider mites, leafworms, caterpillars, grubs and raspberry weevils. These insects mercilessly damage the stems, suck the juices out of them, devour the leaves and roots, harm the berries. Affected bushes look very lifeless and bear bad fruit. 
In addition to pests, powdery mildew, rust, black and white spotting pose a threat to shrubs. Look carefully at the dog rose, analyze how fast it is growing. Its shoots and foliage must be clean, the shoots are even without any deformations. Any plaque or stains on the leaf plates indicate diseases.
Stop the progression of pests can be insecticides, and from a preventive point of view, timely removal of old and diseased branches, cleaning of fallen leaves and digging of pristvolny holes is appropriate.
To control pests in the garden and garden use such insecticides: "Aktara", "Calypso", "Alatar", "Nurell D", "Kinmiks", "Detsis", "Bi-58".
Diseases on dogrose are treated with a 3% solution of blue vitriol, treating the bushes before buds bloom. In cases of severe infections, remove Nitrofen, Fundazole, and Topsin. Get rid of eating the leaves of beetles will help "Karbofos." All disinfecting manipulations experts advise to hold a month before, when the wild rose begins to ripen.
Did you know? Ascorbic acid rosehip berries are 50 times more than lemons.
Frost protection
Protracted dampness and frost over 20 degrees are deadly for delicate wild roses. They suffer especially badly after a cold and rainy summer, because the weather conditions do not allow the shrubs to go through all the necessary steps of preparing for winter. Therefore, without the help of a person, a dog rose may not live until spring.
In addition, improper fertilizing with organic matter, changing winter weather with sudden thaws and severe frosts affect its wintering. It is possible to determine the sprouts that can not spend the winter as early as October - they are distinguished by dark green leaves on the tops. 
Young seedlings require special attention. They must necessarily wrap before the onset of cold weather. The best material for this professional gardeners consider peat, fallen leaves, sawdust, plastic wrap and burlap. Not only bushes, but also the root system need protection. Therefore, pristvolny circles are subject to mulching.
Important! Spruce branches, which are often laid on young shrubs, are not for them protection from frost. Most likely, this is a weak barrier for hungry hares and snow storage.
Harvesting and storing hips
Depending on when you harvest from the bush, it will accumulate nutrients. Ripe berries get a bright red glossy surface and are distinguished by their soft structure. Therefore, if in your plans to dry the fruits, they need to be plucked unripe - with a hard shiny skin. You should also pay attention to the sepals: if their edges are pressed tightly to the berry - the harvest is too early, you need to wait. 
Mistress recommended to tear rose hips together with the stalks so that during harvesting of medicinal raw materials the juice did not flow out of it. As the berries dry out, they will disappear. Plan your work before the onset of cold weather, because low temperatures dilute vitamin C in fruits.
Store the collected fruit can be in different forms. Some housewives simply dry them in the oven or indoors (away from ultraviolet rays). Others sprinkle sliced cinnamon, chipped ginger or citrus peel. 
Dry specimens slightly frayed in the hands, so that they fell off the stem. Then it is packaged in dry containers with lids or in fabric bags, glass jars. Tightly close the collected raw materials is strictly prohibited. In such conditions, it can deteriorate and become covered with mold. It is better to use perforated nylon covers or three-layer gauze.
Important! Rosehips need about a week for them to move away after drying. After this time they can be consumed.
Breeding methods
There are many methods to acquire a thorny shrub: botanists can experiment with seeds, gardeners who are constantly working will prefer root graft transplantation or grafting. We will understand in more detail the nuances of each technology.
Growing from seed
To get a dog rose from seeds, you need to collect planting material at the end of summer. For this brown, still unripe berries are suitable. Experts say that such grains have a greater percentage of germination, because they have not yet hardened surface. Planting can be planned for spring or autumn, but it is better not to subject the seed to winter trials. The grains are necessarily stratified, and then mixed with 1 part of peat and 4 parts of river sand. Place the mixture in a box with a glass lid and take it to the cellar, stirring the contents of the greenhouse periodically. Spring put in a warm place. 
You can use another way, by planting material in the ground and sprinkle it on top of the humus. Then the bed should be covered with a film, securing its edges. When the shoots seem to have 2 leaves, they can be transplanted.
Important! Wild rose berries have a bad effect on patients with thrombophlebitis and endocarditis.
Reproduction by cuttings
How to propagate the rosehip cuttings, we were told by the nursery staff, since this is the most common way. He is subject to absolutely all types and varieties of culture. In order to carry out our plans, it is enough to cut the tops of the green branches in the last weeks of June so that they have three internodes on them. The cut line must pass near the last node. 
Then the planting material should be treated with growth stimulants ("Heteroauxin", "Emistim") and after the time specified in the instructions of the preparation, land in the prepared substrate. To do this, pre-mix equal parts of river sand, peat and leaf earth. After the done manipulations the bed is covered with a film.
The first two weeks, green cuttings need a lot of moisture, so do not forget about regular irrigation of the earth. To the extent that the roots appear, water can be reduced. After 25 days, your cutting will take root. When you see the first increments on it, proceed to the hardening of the plant: during the day, remove the film for several hours, gradually increasing the time.
Important! Rosehip propagated by grafting buds and cuttings. It is better to do it on the so-called "dog" species.
Reproduction by root suckers
This method of shrub reproduction is chosen in cases when it is necessary to preserve the characteristics of the parent rosehip specimen, as well as when there is no time for long preparation and courtship of the seedlings. Planting material taken from the powerful and healthy bushes with good yield. Procurement can be done in October or in March, depending on when you are planning a landing. The main thing is that rooting takes place in a fairly warm land and before the start of frost. 
The offspring must be up to 40 cm high. With a sharp spade it is separated from the shrub, or, conversely, periodically spud and water it abundantly. As a result of this care, the bush acquires additional side roots and strengthens them. After a year, it can be separated and transplanted to a planned location. This plant does not require special care, but it will thank you for a minimum amount of attention 100 times. In the spring, when it blooms, the wild rose will delight with its decorativeness and elegance, and in the winter - with healing berries, which are deservedly considered a storehouse of vitamins.
