Apple tree "Moscow pear" is considered one of the oldest cultivated varieties that are grown in country houses and in village gardens, this article is devoted to its description and secrets of cultivation.
This variety appeared by natural breeding and is not grown for commercial purposes.
Characteristic: the pros and cons of the variety
The tree has a branched crown and very branchy branches, rather dense foliage. Fruits are small or medium in size, have a spherical, slightly flattened shape.
Did you know? For the first time this variety was described by a botanist and agronomist Bolotov A.T. in 1862 in the magazine "Gardening".A yellowish apple with a streaky red blush. The flesh is slightly yellowish, loose, fragrant and very juicy.
The advantages of apple varieties "Moscow pear" include:
- frost resistance - can withstand temperatures up to -50 ° C;
- early variety - fruits ripen by early August;
- high yield;
- fruiting for 5-6 years after planting;
- high content in fruits of vitamins of group C and B, pectins.
Despite the large number of positive qualities, this variety has its drawbacks:- apples are not suitable for long-term storage;
- trees do not tolerate drought;
- susceptibility of apple scab;
- fruit ripening on one tree is uneven.
Features of growing
Apple tree of this variety is quite unpretentious, because originated naturally, and not by artificial selection. However, to get a good harvest, you need to follow certain rules.
Did you know? The fruits of "Pears of Moscow" should be used with caution in people with sensitive tooth enamel due to the high content of ascorbic acid in them.
Landing place
An important factor is the choice of landing site. It is desirable if it will be some kind of elevation. Otherwise, you need to organize the drainage: the tree does not like an excess of moisture. It is also recommended to choose a sunny place. 
Soil requirements
The most suitable soil for the Moskovskaya Pearka is slightly acidic, preference is given to soddy soil, super sandstone or chernozem.
Landing technology
In order for the Moscow Pearl to take root normally and eventually give a good harvest, it is necessary to follow certain rules of planting and cultivation, as well as to responsibly approach the choice of seedlings.
You will certainly come in handy rules on planting such as young, cotoneaster, barberry, wild cherry, Turkish carnation, lupine, jasmine.
How to choose the seedlings
Before buying carefully inspect the seedling, the trunk should be smooth, without flaws. Also pay attention to the root neck, and more precisely, to a slight bend in the area. It has a prolonged wound - a trace from the stock. If this wound is not healed, it is highly likely that the seedling is affected by the fungus. 
When to plant a variety
The optimum time for planting seedlings is the end of April or the first half of autumn. At a later time, night frosts may occur, so if you do not have time to land, it is better to postpone this business until spring.
Important! The seedling can not be deepened in the ground! The place of transition of the root to the trunk should be 5 cm above ground level.In the center of the pit, a peg is driven in, and a seedling planted is tied to it with a string. Immediately after planting requires abundant watering.
Landing process
A hole under a sapling is dug not less than 70 cm deep and about 1 meter wide. Three days before landing, humus is placed at 1/3 of its height, and mineral fertilizers are added. Then the mixture needs to be loosened, fill the ground and form a tubercle.
We reveal the details of the care of cherries, veneer shoes, kobei, ipomoea, peach, laurel, and euonymus.
How to care
In the first year after planting, from 80 to 100% of flowers are removed from the tree, thus the probability that the tree will take root is much increased.
How to water the fruit tree
For good growth, the apple tree must be watered up to 2-3 times a week during dry periods. It is preferable in the evenings by sprinkling. Before watering the ground around the trunk should be loosened. At one time it is recommended to pour out about 30 liters of water. Watering is stopped by the end of August in order for the tree to slow down growth and start preparing for winter. 
Soil care
Around the tree should definitely equip pristvolny circle. It is necessary from time to time to loosen, weed from weeds. Do not plant in this area any other plants, it can be separated curb tape.
Feeding the apple
In the spring it is recommended to feed trees with mineral and organic fertilizers. Nitrogen fertilizer is better to make in the summer after fruit ovary. Fertilizers are applied about four times per season according to the following schedule:
- end of April;
- before flowering;
- during fruit ripening;
- in the fall, after harvest.
Pruning varieties
Pruning of trees is carried out with the aim of forming a crown, removing dry branches and increasing the number of fruit-bearing ones, as well as preparing the tree for wintering. Pruning is carried out in autumn and winter. Places cuts treated garden pitch.
You will certainly come in handy to learn about pruning other plants, such as sweet cherry, apricot, grapes, currants, mulberry.
Breeding features
Variety "Pear" is considered samobzlodnym, and for the ovary of the fruit in the garden must be present trees of another variety. Optimal pollinators are Anis Striped, Bellefle-Kitaika, Antonovka, Korichnoe and Papirovka. These varieties must grow no farther than 60 meters from the “Pear”, in which case the bees can easily carry pollen from one tree to another.
Harvesting and storage
"Pear" refers to the early varieties of apple trees, and the crop is harvested in August. It is better to pick off slightly immature fruits, because overripe quickly fall off and deteriorate. The shelf life is very short - about 2-3 weeks, so the fruit is better to immediately start processing. 
How to prepare an apple tree for winter
The “Moscow pear” is considered to be a frost-resistant variety, however, to protect the tree from early frosts or a snowless winter, the tree trunk is mulched with humus and the trunk is wrapped with textile material (it must pass air).
Important! Wrapping the trunk also serves as protection against rodents and hares.Due to its high yield and high content of vitamins in the fruit, as well as relatively easy care, the Moscow Pear is obliged to be present at any backyard. We wish you a rich harvest.
