Clematis is a shrub with very beautiful large flowers of different colors. Flowering continues from spring to late autumn. The plant is expensive, so information on how to multiply clematis will be useful for many gardeners.
Did you know? Clematis is a perennial plant belonging to the Buttercup family and is a woody plant. Distributed on all continents, but most species grow in East Asia.
When better to clematis clematis
The timing of clematis grafting depends on the condition of the shoots. Best of all for this method of reproduction fit the cuttings of a plant that has not yet begun to bloom, respectively, has retained all the internal forces. This happens in the springtime. It is possible to carry out the autumn grafting of clematis, however, the viability of the cuttings in this case will be lower.
Reproduction of clematis in the spring
Many gardeners consider that for clematis it is better to conduct grafting in the spring when the plant enters a phase of active growth. Therefore, young cuttings will soon be able to take root and develop into an independent plant. This method is the easiest and fastest, besides, the most reliable. With a single bush, you can get a large number of cuttings, and hence future clematis. These flowering vines in different parts of your garden will certainly please the eye.
Clematis reproduction in autumn
In the autumn period, clematis bushes are pruned. This is an indispensable condition for the care of these plants, improves their growth and development, a positive effect on the spring awakening of the kidneys. This part of clematis care causes cutting in the fall: cuttings are harvested from trimmed shoots. For plants this method is the most optimal.
Did you know? Reproduction of clematis seeds - the most time-consuming method. In addition, clematis rarely give their seeds, and with this method, the main signs of the mother bush are lost.
Reproduction of clematis with green cuttings (spring)
It is necessary to study the basic requirements for harvesting cuttings, soil and subsequent care to know how to properly clematis. 
For reproduction of clematis with green cuttings choose plants that are already 3 or 4 years old. During the formation of buds in grown plants (the end of spring - the beginning of summer) proceed to grafting.
How to prepare and process cuttings
Mainly used side shoots that grew after pruning clematis. From the top of the shoots do not need to take, they germinate much worse. It is necessary to cut the cuttings from the middle part of the shoot, where there are no buds, making sure that there are 1-2 knots on each. The lower cut of the stalk should be made at an angle of 45 ° C, and the upper cut should be flat, 2 cm higher than the knot. The leaves should be cut in half to reduce evaporation. Green cuttings must be left rooting in a dark place in water until rooting.
Important! Processing cuttings before planting is to use a solution "Epin", "Zircon" or "Humate sodium".
Substrate Requirements
Peat-sand mixture is best suited for rooting clematis cuttings in the soil. The moisture content of the substrate should be maintained at a level of 20-30%. To avoid overmoistening, and to maintain a stable temperature level, the substrate can be laid in two layers:
- The top layer is sand without impurities (about 6-8 cm).
- The bottom layer - soil mixture from sand and peat or the same mixture, but with the addition of humus (equal parts).
Also suitable for clematis cuttings is a soil mixture of coarse-grained river sand and crushed sphagnum moss. This mixture is well breathable and retains moisture. Any soil you choose before using for the purpose of disinfection is better to shed with a solution of potassium permanganate (for 10 liters of water 3-5 g).
How to plant and care for clematis cuttings
After harvesting cuttings it is important to understand how to plant clematis cuttings. It is necessary to plant so that the knot of the cutting of 1 cm was deepened into the soil. In the future, the roots will begin to grow from this node. Substrate around need to condense and pour. The distance between the cuttings should be about 5 cm, however, if you want the cutting to quickly develop into a full-fledged plant, it is better to plant them separately from each other. Cuttings need to be sprayed up to 5 times a day, as for the best development in the room with future clematis the humidity should be about 90%. Airing is also necessary, while the optimum air temperature is 18-20 ° C.
Rooting and further growth occurs in 1.5-2 months.
Autumnal reproduction of clematis with lignified cuttings
Breeding of clematis by lignified cuttings is performed in the same way as green ones. The only difference is that the cuttings rooted in greenhouses due to the imminent onset of cold weather. However, in the autumn grafting of clematis, subsequent rooting is more difficult, as the plant prepares for rest, its growth and development is inhibited. Therefore, the prepared cuttings remain until spring.
Procurement and processing of cuttings
Clematis lignified cuttings during pruning should have 1-2 knots and leaves on each side. Usually take the middle part of the shoot, cutting it into cuttings about 10 cm long. The bottom edge to the node should be 2-3 cm long, the top edge above the node should be 1-2 cm. Cut the cutting should be tilted, it is better to reduce the leaves by half. For better development, cuttings are treated with growth stimulants, which are sold in specialized stores ("Heteroauxin" or "Kornevin"), using them according to the instructions.
What soil is needed for rooting cuttings
In order for the clematis roots to penetrate the air, as well as maintain the necessary moisture for the correct development of the root system, you need to choose the following mixture:
- peat or humus - 1 part;
- sand - 2 parts.
Planting and care of the handle
Each clematis stalk can be planted in a separate small container, which must be filled with prepared soil and watered. Cuttings deepen into the ground with a long end, cut at an angle. In this case, the node must be covered by half the ground. Next, these containers should be placed in a warm room, where the temperature should be maintained around 25 ° C, or cover with a film. To ensure the required level of humidity, cuttings are sprayed twice a day. Rooting will occur in 1-1.5 months.
Important! Young clematis, obtained after autumn cutting, is stored in the winter in the cellar or basement.
How to root a stalk in water
Rooting of clematis cuttings in water can be made using a tank with a wide neck. The water level should be such that only the ends of the cuttings are in the water. This level needs to be maintained all the time while the roots are germinated. Leaves must be cut half. Light should not come to the cuttings, so you should wrap the container with paper. The roots grow in 1.5-2 months at room temperature. When their length reaches 4-5 cm, it is necessary to transplant the cuttings into the greenhouse in order to grow them. If you keep the cuttings in water longer, the roots will grow too long, which will lead to their entanglement, and the buds of the cuttings will dry out.
Clematis reproduction by layering
In order to multiply clematis with the help of layering, it will take more time than when grafting. The easiest way to do this is to use horizontal cuts. The following actions are carried out:
- It is necessary to dig a groove about 10 cm deep next to the bush, put an escape into it. It is necessary to bend it very carefully, as the shoots are rather fragile;
- Top need to sprinkle with fertile soil, slightly compacted;
- In several places, you need to attach the escape wire to the ground;
- Watering must be done in a timely manner, the earth should not dry out.
Did you know? The name of the plant clematis is translated from ancient Greek as "tendril", which determines the shape of this plant - a flowering vine.Breeding clematis with cuttings and layering is a very troublesome and lengthy task, but the result exceeds all expectations. After 3-4 years you can get a full-fledged beautifully blooming decoration for your garden.
