Beijing cabbage is a tasty and healthy vegetable that has become quite popular among gardeners.
It has many varieties that differ in yield, resistance to pests, ripening speed, etc. One of the most popular is the hybrid variety of Peking cabbage Bilko F1.
Variety Bilko F1 was obtained by hybridization in the Netherlands. His scientists led the company "Bejo", which is engaged in the selection of vegetable crops since 1899 and still holds one of the leading positions among seed producers.
In this article, we consider the features of cabbage varieties Bilko F1, let's talk about the rules of cultivation and care, as well as tell about the diseases and pests that affect this vegetable.
Differences from other varieties
This variety belongs to the medium early, maturity from 65 to 75 days. Differs in good yield, resistant to diseases.. Bilko is immune to many races of keel, downy mildew, fusarium and mucous bacteriosis.
Differs in excellent transportability, during transportation it does not lose its properties and presentation. Long enough can be stored fresh - from 2 to 6 months.
External characteristics
The forks are formed rectangular, has a rounded shape. The average weight ranges from one kilogram to two.. The density of the head is medium, and the stalk is small inside.
The leaves have an egg-shaped, unfolded in the opposite direction, bumpy, green.
When the cabbage reaches ripeness, the leaves below become yellowish-white in color, and on top become saturated in lime color.
Growing conditions
Bilko can be grown both in open ground and in greenhouses and even indoors. In the open ground is usually planted seedlings. In order to grow a vegetable on the windowsill, in the greenhouse it is necessary to prepare the soil and sow the seeds.
Where and for how much can you buy seeds?
You can purchase this variety in specialized stores and departments. You can also make an order online through the online store. Depending on the number of seeds and the company, the price can be from 40 rubles. up to 1,500 rubles
Who often grows this vegetable?
This type of cabbage is grown both on household plots and on an industrial scale. Due to the fact that Bilko does not lose its presentation for a long time, it is convenient to transport it to stores and markets for fresh sale. Therefore, this variety of Peking cabbage is often chosen by farmers and workers of agro-industrial complexes.
Step-by-step instruction for the gardener
By landing
Seedling
In order to get an earlier harvest, planted in open ground Peking cabbage need seedlings. Sow seeds for seedlings need in April.
- Soil before planting spill boiling water with potassium permanganate. This will save the cabbage from such a disease as a black leg.
It is better to plant the seeds immediately in a separate cup or cassette, immersing them in the soil for about half a centimeter.- After that, install containers in a room with a temperature of at least 20-24 degrees. Sprouts appear after 4 days.
It is better to plant the seeds immediately in a separate cup or cassette, immersing them in the soil for about half a centimeter.Now Beijing cabbage needs to receive a lot of light. Install it to a well-lit window. If the light is low, you need to create artificial lighting. Seedlings should be fertilized with urea, wood ash as they grow, should be watered in sufficient quantity.
Open ground
After the appearance of 3-4 leaves on the seedlings, it is planted in open ground. Fertilize the land before transplanting.. On 1 square. m recommended:
- compost - 5 kg;
- dolomite flour - 150 gr;
- wood ash - 4 tbsp.
Planted seedlings at a distance of 30 cm, leaving about half a meter in the aisle.
By care
Care for Peking cabbage is easy. Bilko is resistant to major diseases that affect cruciferous, but prone to the formation of flowering arrows under adverse conditions.
The main reasons for this are:
- too low or high temperatures at the beginning of plant growth;
- damage to the root system during transplantation;
- too long daylight hours (more than 13 hours);
- too close to cabbage bushes to each other.
In addition, it is necessary to loosen the soil in time, and remove weeds, apply fertilizer before planting, the crop will not be high on poor soil.
Important! When planting Peking cabbage, it is necessary to observe crop rotation, at the same place the culture can be planted only after 3-4 years.
Cleaning
Top leaves of cabbage are cut and used to make salads. The ripe head of cabbage is cut together with the stalk. Beijing Bilko cabbage is used for harvesting and is well kept, because the head of this variety is covered with leaves and does not deteriorate for a long time during storage.
By breeding
This variety is equally fruitful as when planting seeds in the ground, and when growing seedlings. Growing up and collecting seeds of the Bilko variety will not work, because necessary properties will not be saved. Specialized varieties must be purchased from reputable manufacturers.
On crop storage
Bilko cabbage fermented or stored fresh. Heads that are not stuck in frosts and not affected by fungal diseases and have no damage are selected.
Cabbage for storage can be wrapped in cling film or left open. It is placed in a box in a single layer and placed in a cellar. Humidity there should be 95-98%, air temperature from 0 to +2 degrees. If the figures are higher, the cabbage can begin to sprout. Another way to store heads is freezing.
When storing Peking cabbage in the cellar, its proximity to any fruit is unacceptable.
Analogs
Manoko F1 has similar characteristics to Bilko. This is an early ripe cabbage, inferior in the weight of the head - up to 1 kg, but also well preserving the properties and appearance during transportation and storage. Like Bilko, resistant to common diseases. Quite popular varieties for fresh use:
- Richie.
- Hydra.
- Beijing broadleaf.
- Vesnyanka.
For storage and fermentation will be more suitable:
- Slides F1.
- Wineglass.
- Nika.
- Russian size.
Diseases and pests
During the growing season, it is unacceptable to use any pesticides for pest control, therefore, wood ash is used for protection against pests, and it is necessary to powder leaves and soil. In addition, salt, dry mustard, and red pepper are used. Slugs and caterpillars are best cleaned by hand.
Some interesting recipes
Sour with hot pepper
For cooking you need:
- cabbage - 1 kg;
- tomatoes - 1 kg;
- hot pepper - 2 pieces;
- garlic - 8 cloves;
- salt - 50 gr.
Cooking process:
Rinse the forks of cabbage, coarsely chop up, add salt, mix well and put on the day under pressure.- Next, the brine must be drained, and squeeze the cabbage and rinse.
- Thoroughly washed tomatoes mince.
- Garlic and pepper crumble and add to the tomatoes.
- Add the obtained tomato mass to the cabbage, mix well and place under pressure for another day.
- Snack spread on clean dry banks and store in the refrigerator or cellar.
Rinse the forks of cabbage, coarsely chop up, add salt, mix well and put on the day under pressure.Delicious salad for the winter
Ingredients:
- Peking cabbage - 1 kg;
- Bulgarian pepper - 1/2 kg;
- apple cider vinegar - 100 ml;
- onions - 1/2 kg;
- bitter pepper - 1 pc;
- water - 1200 ml;
- salt - 40 g;
- sugar - 100 gr.
Cooking sequence:
- Pour water into a saucepan, add salt and sugar, let it boil.
- Pour vinegar into boiling water and boil for 15 more minutes.
- Peking cabbage coarsely chop.
- Chop the onion rings.
- Bulgarian pepper cut into strips.
- Vegetables spread on clean dry banks, adding to them bitter pepper.
- Boiling marinade pour over the banks, roll up and put under a fur coat.
When choosing Chinese cabbage for planting, it is important to pay attention to the variety and its characteristics.. Bilko is resistant to diseases, high yields, good taste, besides, it is kept fresh for a long time, retaining all the beneficial properties.
